What is stepper motor?
Stepper motor , also known as a pulse motor, is based on the most basic principle of electromagnets. It is a type of electromagnet that can rotate freely, and its operating principle relies on changes in air gap magnetic conductivity to generate electromagnetic torque. Its original model originated between 1830 and 1860. Attempts aimed at control began around 1870 and were applied to the electrode transport mechanism of hydrogen arc lamps. This is considered the original stepper motor. In 1923, James Weir French invented the three-phase variable reluctance type, which was the predecessor of stepper motors . At the beginning of the 20th century, stepper motors were widely used in telephone automatic exchanges. Due to the competition among Western capitalist powers for colonies, stepper motors have been widely used in independent systems such as ships and aircraft that lack AC power. In the late 1950s, the invention of transistors gradually applied to motion stepper motors, making digital control easier. After the 1980s, due to the emergence of inexpensive microcomputers in a multifunctional manner, the control methods of stepper motors became more flexible and diverse.
A stepper motor (sometimes referred to as a step motor or stepping motor) is a motor with windings in the stator and permanent magnets attached to the rotor. It provides fixed mechanical increments of motion; these increments are referred to as steps and are generally specified in degrees. Stepper motors are ideal for applications that require quick positioning over a short distance. This technology allows for the use of an open-loop controller, which simplifies machine design and lowers cost compared to servo motor systems.
Stepper motor
Stepper Motors & Drives
Stepper motors divide each full rotation into a number of equally sized steps. Also known as step or stepping motors, these 2-phase brushless DC motors offer quick, precise load positioning and exceptional holding torque at any of these incremental steps. Each step represents 1.8°, or 200 steps per revolution. When using a microstepping drive, each 1.8° step can be broken into even smaller increments to achieve nearly servo-like positioning performance—without the need for complex feedback devices or a closed-loop control system.
A Comprehensive Product Line
FBelec stepper motors are used in applications from life-sustaining medical devices to high-throughput manufacturing lines to explosive oil and gas production environments. With decades of stepper design experience, we have developed a wide range of motor series to suit the needs of OEMs in virtually any motion-critical industry—whether the application requires a high value-to-cost ratio, premium performance in extreme environments, or specialized capabilities and fit.
Highest Performance
All Stepper motors lose usable torque as running speed increases. This is known as torque roll-off. FBelec minimizes torque roll-off through superior optimization of electromagnetic design. Several Stepper families also offer Enhanced technology. Enhanced motors include rare earth magnet added in the motor stator – which results in torque increases up to 25% across the entire speed range.
With FBelec’s unmatched motion expertise, you can achieve higher speeds while maintaining all the torque you need . Your machine can be smaller, faster, more energy-efficient, and more affordable to build and operate—all measurable advantages over machines powered by competitors’ motors.
Co-Engineered Modifications and Custom Prototyping
FBelec offers a huge selection of standard sizes, constructions, windings and options including custom leads, shafts and connectors—plus thousands of standard modifications to help you achieve a perfect fit for your application.
Moreover, we can collaborate with you to co-engineer features such as shaft and seal modifications, specialized windings, application-specific cables and connectors, integrated encoders and more. We can even deliver fully custom solutions, with minimal additional lead time and investment, thanks to our rapid prototyping, optimized manufacturing and global supply footprint.
Proven Reliability and Support
Made in the U.S.A., our advanced hybrid stepper motors incorporate large bearings, high-voltage insulation, large rotor diameters, tight air gap tolerances, and high-energy magnets and windings that other manufacturers don’t offer. These rugged design features have been proven time and again in the field, ensuring a long, reliable service life that we back with a two-year warranty.
And when you need technical assistance, you can always count on our self-service design and product selection tools, engineer-to-engineer expertise, and in-region product design, manufacturing and support.
Motor Engineering And Manufacturing
Two Week Prototype Turnaround
Millions of Motors Shipped Annually
USA Based Production and Engineering Support
Multiple Overseas Manufacturing Facilities
ISO9001, AS9100D, TS16949 Certified
OEM Motors Optimized For Your Application
Choose The Right Product For Your Needs
We Design, Engineer and Manufacture a large variety of DC motors and motion control components. We have the capability, capacity, and expertise to supply a small batch or millions of highly optimized hollow shaft motors for your specific application. FBelec Engineering can scale with your production needs .
How Stepper Motors Work
A step motor, in conjunction with a stepper drive, rotates in predefined angles proportional to the digital input command (stepper) pulses. A typical full-step system achieves 200 steps per revolution, this equates to 1.8º per full step. The motor’s position can be commanded to move and hold at a step without any position sensor for feedback (an open-loop controller), as long as the motor is sized to the application in terms of torque and speed.
Stepper motors can also make fine incremental moves and do not require a feedback encoder (open Along with excellent low speed/high torque characteristics without gear reduction, stepper motors can also be used to hold loads in a stationary position without creating overheating.
Stepper Motor Advantages
Provide acceleration torque equal to running torque and require no maintenance
Speed can easily be determined and controlled by remembering speed equals steps per revolution divided by pulse rate.
Fast acceleration capability with non-cumulative positioning error
Stepper Motors Disadvantages
Loss of synchronization resulting position error
Resonance affecting motor smoothness
Limited operation at high speeds
Running hot
Can stall with excessive loads
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