2. Laser ranging sensor
When the laser sensor is working, the laser diode is first aimed at the target to emit laser pulses. After being reflected by the target object, the laser scatters in all directions. Part of the scattered light returns to the receiver of the sensor, is received by the optical system, and then imaged onto the avalanche photodiode. An avalanche photodiode is a photosensitive element with an optical sensor that amplifies the signal, allowing it to detect extremely weak light signals. The distance between the sensor and the target object can be measured by recording and processing the time it takes from the emission of light pulses to their return and reception. Laser sensors must accurately measure the transmission time of the laser from emission to reception, as the speed of light is too fast.
The main application areas of laser ranging sensors include assisted driving in automobiles, intelligent transportation (traffic flow recognition and management), industrial security, drone altitude determination, intelligent home appliances, etc;
3. Infrared ranging sensor
The infrared ranging sensor utilizes the principle that the intensity of different reflections from infrared signals at different distances when encountering obstacles is also different, to detect the distance of obstacles around the machine. The infrared ranging sensor has a pair of infrared signal transmitters and receiving diodes. The transmitting tube emits a specific frequency of infrared signal, and the receiving tube receives this frequency of infrared signal. When the detection direction of the infrared signal encounters an obstacle, the infrared signal is reflected back and received by the receiving tube. After computer processing, it is returned to the robot host through a digital sensor interface. The robot can use the infrared return signal to identify changes in the surrounding environment.
The main application areas of infrared ranging sensors include smart home appliances, scientific research, industrial and agricultural production, robotics, reconnaissance and anti-theft, military engineering, etc;
4. 24GHZ radar sensor
There are usually three methods for radar ranging: pulse ranging; Frequency modulation continuous wave method for distance measurement; Phase based distance measurement. The first two are commonly used. The pulse method ranging resolution needs to achieve a distance accuracy of less than 1 meter, and the pulse width must be less than 6.67 ns. Even in today's pulse radar where pulse compression is commonly used, achieving centimeter level accuracy is quite difficult, especially at the cost of increasing receiver bandwidth and reducing receiving sensitivity, which is also difficult to achieve on the circuit. Therefore, for more accurate distance measurement, the frequency modulation continuous wave ranging method is generally used.
The main application areas of radar ranging sensors include level meters (materials, liquids), indoor and outdoor unmanned vehicles, robots, industrial security, automotive assisted driving, drone altitude determination, ground simulation flight, intelligent home appliances, etc;
